A rare occurrence of primary basal ganglia germinoma in an adult patient: A case report and literature review

Abstract

Background: Basal ganglia germinomas (BGGs) represent a diagnostic and management neurosurgical dilemma. Because of the rarity of these tumors in adults, the management strategies are not well defined.  

Case description: A 24-year-old man was presented with progressive left-sided hemiparesis. Cranial computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated a heterogeneous lesion with few microcystic nodules, seen involving the right basal ganglia with calcification. A stereotactic brain biopsy (SBB) was obtained. Histopathology revealed BGG. The patient received whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT) and reported marked improvement in symptoms with no recurrence during a follow-up period of four years.

Conclusion: BGG should be considered a part of the differential diagnosis in young adults presented with hemiparesis and a heterogeneous lesion in the basal ganglia. Standard recommendations for the management of such rare lesions in adults are needed.